You have probably heard about antioxidants and free radicals, but what do these terms actually mean? Understanding the science can help you make better dietary choices.
What Are Free Radicals?
According to the National Library of Medicine, free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells. They are produced naturally during metabolism and can also come from environmental factors like:
- Air pollution
- Cigarette smoke
- UV radiation
- Certain chemicals
How Antioxidants Work
The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) explains that antioxidants are substances that may protect cells from free radical damage. They include:
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin E
- Selenium
- Carotenoids (like beta-carotene)
- Flavonoids
Food Sources of Antioxidants
The Harvard School of Public Health recommends getting antioxidants from food rather than supplements:
- Berries (blueberries, strawberries)
- Dark leafy greens
- Nuts and seeds
- Colorful vegetables
- Green tea
The Research on Antioxidant Supplements
According to Harvard Health, while antioxidant-rich foods are beneficial, clinical trials have shown mixed results for antioxidant supplements.
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