Your immune system works constantly to protect you from harmful pathogens. Understanding how it works can help you appreciate the importance of healthy lifestyle habits.
What Is the Immune System?
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) describes the immune system as a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful microorganisms.
Components of Immunity
According to the National Library of Medicine, there are two main types of immunity:
- Innate immunity - The first line of defense (skin, mucous membranes, inflammation)
- Adaptive immunity - Targeted response that develops over time (antibodies, memory cells)
Supporting Immune Health
The Harvard Health Publishing notes that a healthy immune system requires balance and harmony. Supportive lifestyle factors include:
- Eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables
- Exercising regularly
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Getting adequate sleep
- Managing stress
- Not smoking
Sleep and Immunity
Research from the Sleep Foundation shows that adequate sleep is essential for immune function. During sleep, your body produces cytokines that help fight infection.
When to See a Doctor
The CDC recommends seeing a healthcare provider if you experience frequent or severe infections.